Un campus universitaire dans la zone péri-urbaine d'Accra (Ghana) comme un refuge pour les espèces de forêt sèche
DOI :
https://doi.org/10.21248/fvss.16.21Mots-clés :
Végétation de forêt sèche, campus vert, mode d’utilisation des terres, diversité spécifique, développement durableRésumé
Valley View University (VVU) est une université privée située dans la zone de forêt sèche des plaines d'Accra; une zone fortement affectée par l'expansion urbaine. Le campus couvre approximativement 105 ha. Des parties importantes de celui-ci sont encore peu développées et couvertes de fourrées de savane. En 2002, l'université s'est engagée à devenir la première "université écologique" d'Afrique. Dans le cadre de deux projets, des améliorations substantielles ont été apportées en matière d'assainissement, d'approvisionnement en eau, de bâtiments peu consommateurs d'énergie et d’agriculture biologique. Le développement ultérieur du campus a été conçu dans un "schéma directeur écologique" détaillé. C'est dans ce contexte, que nous avons réalisé un inventaire floristique des fourrées de savane et avons trouvé plus de 100 espèces végétales; dont la majorité représente le pool est composé uniquement d'espèces de forêt sèche et de fourrées de savane, typiques à la région. Comme le reste des forêts sèches et des fourrés de savane des plaines d'Accra deviennent de plus en plus menacées par l'expansion urbaine et le surpâturage, l'administration VVU a accepté de préserver les fourrés riches en espèces. C'est une précieuse contribution à un développement plus durable de la région.
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